Request the records first
- Well construction report or drilling log
- Septic permit and approved system drawing
- Pumping and maintenance receipts
- Water-treatment service history
- Previous laboratory results
- Repair permits and warranties
Use independent inspections
A general home inspection does not always include a complete well, water-quality, or septic evaluation. Confirm the scope in writing. Choose qualified professionals who can explain system capacity, visible condition, test limitations, and recommended follow-up work.
Match the tests to the property
Testing requirements vary by state and transaction. At minimum, discuss bacteria and nitrate testing with the local health department or a certified laboratory. Local geology, nearby land use, flooding, fuel storage, and agricultural activity may justify additional analytes.
Important: Do not let a clear glass of water substitute for laboratory testing. Many important contaminants have no visible sign, taste, or odor.
Budget beyond closing
- Routine well testing
- Filter and treatment maintenance
- Septic inspections and pumping
- Eventual pump or pressure-tank replacement
- Access improvements such as septic risers
- A reserve for major repairs